(125 years of) New York City

"New York, New York, it's a helluva town. The Bronx is up but the Battery's down. The people ride in a hole in the groun'." (1881-2005)

That "hole in the ground" originally opened in 1904 and, over the years, the city subways growth has made it synonymous with the city. It has been widely referenced in literature and song and frequently captured in paintings and motion pictures. The first ones to spring to mind are The Warriors, Midnight Cowboy, The French Connection and Seinfeld's 3rd season episode "The Subway".

Can You Dig It?

But New York's film roots go way back into the 1800's. In 1881, African-American inventor Lewis Howard Latimer added the carbon element to Thomas Edison's lightbulb (having previously improved the patent design of Alexander Graham Bell's telephone), and whilst working for Edison, supervised the installation of the first electric lighting systems in New York and London.

Of course, New York's film industry started with Edison, across the Hudson in West Orange, NJ. In 1889, using film recently developed by George Eastman of upstate New York, Edison captured his first "film". Over the next few years he continued to improve the method and its results, and in 1893 he built America's first movie studio (The Black Maria), again in West Orange, NJ, making it the heart of America's film industry. And, with the emergence of Tin Pan Alley in the mid 1880's, New York had now established itself as the centrepiece of the USA's music industry.

New York has always been a breeding ground for talent and inspiration, and continues to be, right up into the 21st century. The great thing about the place is that its history is so diverse.

Bird's-eye view print of Manhattan & New York City, 1873

Not forgetting the Native Americans (in this case, The Lenape) who lived there first (as is nearly always the way with the West), New York City was founded throughout the 1600s - 1800s mostly by Dutch and English settlers (hence the renaming of the city thanks to the 'Grand ol' Duke of York' - Yay, Yorkshire gets yet ANOTHER credit!) aswell as numerous European immigrants; particularly Germans, Italians, Irish and also Jewish. Soon after, following a large increase in Chinese immigrants, aswell as the "Great Migration" of African-Americans from the southern states, New York had been described as a "melting pot" and referred to as a "fusion, as of elements in solution in a vast hot pot" due to its vast variation of culture. Therefore it's quite easy to conceive that New York had the necessary roots to be at the centre of many great artistic movements in modern history.

Typical NY Chinese Theater (inside & out)

It would be impossible for me to list everything New York has offered the world, but I can mention those that have been important for me.

There are some prime examples of Art-Deco in New York City and, despite the style originating in Paris, and spreading throughout Europe, I tend to automatically link NY/USA buildings with the movement ahead of those from its place of origin. Maybe Europe's evolution suffered too much financially throughout the 20's thru 40's, whilst America was able to flourish rather unaffected by WWI & II.

(L) Midtown/East River (Day) from Rockefeller Center in '35
(M) Rockefeller from lower plaza in '05
(R) Midtown/East River (Night) from Rockefeller Center in '05

It could be argued that, by the end of the 1920's, New York had become the centre of Jazz music, later giving birth to the 'Cool' Jazz scene of the 40's. Many of the Jazz 'greats' (such as Duke Ellington, Count Basie, Thelonious Monk, Charlie Parker, Charles Mingus, Miles Davis and John Coltrane) started or found considerable success in NYC.

After witnessing the American folk music revival of the 40's, further advancements emerged throughout the following decade. The 'New York School' of the 50's, providing us with the Beat Generation, spawned such notable works as Howl (Ginsberg), On The Road (Kerouac) and Naked Lunch (Burroughs). Also abstract artists like Jackson Pollock, Willem de Kooning and Mark Rothko, aswell as Pop artists Andy Warhol, Larry Rivers and Roy Lichtenstein.

"And don’t criticize what you can’t understand" - Bob Dylan

Greenwich Village suddenly became a hotbed of folk musicians and leftist political activists. Alternating sets would accomodate a wide variety of acts throughout Greenwich, and during this time popular performers would include Bob Dylan, Lenny Bruce, Simon & Garfunkel, Woody Allen, Nina Simone and Joni Mitchell.

Later NY would present the birth of Disco and Punk, and plenty more styles and genres in recent history (which I don't really care for, so won't go into further detail).

RateYourMusic tells me it has played a major part in my music collection, with the city and its immediate surroundings responsible for the largest percentage of american artists (and quite possibly ALL artists).

Wow. I've broken through! Yeah, I'm part of popular culture now.

....More to follow...

New York City (1881-2005) Tin Pan Alley, Art-Deco, Cool Jazz, Beat Generation, Folk Music Revival, Seinfeld and more... alturl.com/osbrc

— Through the darkness (@120Yrs120Months) November 12, 2011